本文作者:西安旅游A

陜西省英文導游考試內容(西安英文導覽軟件)

西安旅游A 2024-03-18 2
陜西省英文導游考試內容(西安英文導覽軟件)摘要: 本文目錄西安山澗旅游景點介紹英語 西安山澗旅游景點介紹英語作文英文介紹旅游景點視頻教程 英語導游景點講解視頻西安秦始皇兵馬俑的簡介。一、西安山澗旅游景點介紹英語 西安山澗旅游景點介...

本文目錄

  1. 西安山澗旅游景點介紹英語 西安山澗旅游景點介紹英語作文
  2. 英文介紹旅游景點視頻教程 英語導游景點講解視頻
  3. 西安秦始皇兵馬俑的簡介。

一、西安山澗旅游景點介紹英語 西安山澗旅游景點介紹英語作文

陜西是中國經緯度基準點大地原點和北京時間中國科學院國家授時中心所在地。以下是我精心準備的陜西旅游景點介紹,大家可以參考以下內容哦!

華山,古稱“西岳”,是我國著名的五岳之一,海拔2154.9米,位于陜西省西安以東120公里歷史文化故地渭南市的華陰市境內,北臨坦蕩的渭河平原和咆哮的黃河,南依秦嶺,是秦嶺支脈分水脊的北側的一座花崗巖山。憑借大自然風云變換的裝扮,華山的千姿萬態被有聲有色的勾畫出來,素有“奇險天下第一山”之稱。它的歷史衍化可追溯到1.2億年前,據《山海經》記載:“太華之山,削成而四方,其高五千仞,其廣十里。”

華山被稱為西岳與東岳泰山并稱,最早見于《爾雅·釋山》一書。西岳這一稱呼據說是因周平王遷都洛陽,華山在東周京城之西,故稱"西岳"。以后秦王朝建都咸陽,西漢王朝建都長安,都在華山之西,所以華山不再稱為"西岳"。直到漢光武帝劉秀在洛陽建立了東漢政權,華山就又恢復了"西岳"之稱,并一直沿用至今。

華山以其峻峭吸引了無數瀏覽者。山上的觀、院、亭、閣、皆依山勢而建,一山飛峙,恰似空中樓閣,而且有古松相映,更是別具一格。山峰秀麗,又形象各異,如似韓湘子趕牛、金蟾戲龜、白蛇遭難。峪道的潺潺流水,山澗的水簾瀑布,更是妙趣橫生。并且華山還以其巍峨挺拔屹立于渭河平原。東、南、西三峰拔地而起,如刀一次削就。唐朝詩人張喬在他的詩中寫道:"誰將依天劍,削出倚天峰。"都是針對華山的挺拔如削而言的。同進華山山麓下的渭河平原海拔僅330-400米,而華山海拔2154.96米,高度差為1700多米,山勢巍峨,更顯其挺拔。

現在的華山有東、西、南、北、中五峰,主峰有南峰“落雁”、東峰“朝陽”、西峰“蓮花”,三峰鼎峙,“勢飛白云外影倒黃河里”,人稱“天外三峰”。還有云臺、玉女二峰相輔于側,36小峰羅列于前,虎踞龍盤,氣象森森,因山上氣候多變,形成“云華山”、“雨華山”、“霧華山”、“雪華山”給人以仙境美感。是所謂的西京王氣之所系。

華山是中華民族文化的發祥地之一,據清代著名學者章太炎先生考證,“中華”、“華夏”皆因華山而得名。《尚書》里就有有關華山的記載;《史記》中也有黃帝、堯、舜華山巡游的事跡。華山亦留有了無數名人的足跡,傳說故事和古跡。自隋唐以來,李白、杜甫等文人墨客詠華山的詩歌、碑記和游記不下千余篇,摩巖石刻多達上千處。自漢楊寶、楊震到明清馮從吾、顧炎武等不少學者,曾隱居華山諸峪,開館授徒,一時蔚為大觀。而建于漢武帝在位時的西岳廟,有著“陜西故宮”和“五岳第一廟”之稱譽,這是五岳中建制最早和面積最大的廟宇。中國歷史上,曾有56位皇帝曾到此山巡游或舉行祭祀活動。

世界第八大奇跡。1974年,秦始皇陵兵馬俑坑的發現震驚世界。這一建在公元前3世紀的地下雕塑群以恢弘磅礴的氣勢,威武嚴整的軍陣,形態逼真的陶俑向人們展示出古代東方文化的燦爛輝煌,無論建造年代、建筑規模與藝術效果無不堪與“世界七大奇跡”媲美。于是,“世界第八大奇跡”之譽不脛而走,成為秦始皇陵兵馬俑的代名詞。

秦始皇兵馬俑博物館是我國最大的遺址博物館,除一號坑、二號坑、三號坑保護陳列大廳外,還有兵馬俑坑出土文物陳列室和秦陵銅車馬陳列室。

西楊村本是酈山北麓一個默默無聞的普通村莊。1974年3月,西楊村的村民在村南160米的柿樹林畔打一口井。這里地處驪山沖積扇前緣,累經山洪泥石流淤積,耕地間夾雜布滿鵝卵石的灌木叢和廢棄荒地。3月24日動工,挖到3米多深時,發現下面是紅燒土、燒結硬塊和炭屑灰燼,大家以為碰上了老磚窯址。繼續往下打,在5米多深處的井壁西側,陰暗的光線下終于露出“瓦王爺”凝靜的面容。村民們正詫異間,恰好公社干部房樹民來檢查打井進度。他下到井底仔細觀察,發現出上的磚塊與秦始皇陵附近發現的秦磚一模一樣,急忙告訴大家暫停打井,接著便匆匆趕往縣城報告縣文化館。湮沒2200年的“世界第八大奇跡”就這樣重新回到人間。

這是一個值得紀念的日子——1974年3月29日。

先秦雕塑古樸拙稚,直到接受佛教文化之后,才形成中國雕塑的藝術風格。它的特點是高度概括,線條簡潔,風格浪漫,注重裝飾,講究神似而失于寫實。然而,秦兵馬俑的發現使中外美術史專家們瞠目結舌。人們在這里發現了2000年前東方古典寫實主義雕塑藝術的高峰,找到了中國美術史上長期缺失的一頁!它嚴格運用寫實主義創作手法,無論形體、結構、比例、質感、量度都以準確的解剖構造為依據.從秦俑的臉部,可以看出皮膚肌肉下顴骨、眉骨、頜骨的準確位置,五官的大小、比例、位置一絲不茍,形體的每一凸凹無不符合人體解剖構造。甚至可以從馬的造型判斷其品種。非但如此,這些藝術大師還注意緊緊抓住人物性格,從人物的面部表情、內心活動、精神狀態上追求變化,塑造出栩栩如生、神態各異,形神俱備,無一雷同的眾多藝術造型。

一號坑保護陳列大廳是秦始皇兵馬俑博物館中最早的建筑,1979年10月建成開放。在三個兵馬俑坑中,它發現得最早,規模也最大。俑坑呈東西向長方形,面積14260平方米。坑內有10道寬2.5米的夯筑隔墻,形成南北面闊9間,周圍繞以回廊的格局。局部發掘已出土陶俑1000余尊,戰車8輛,戰車的陶馬32匹,各種青銅兵器近萬件。根據出土兵馬俑的排列密度,估計一號坑共埋藏兵馬俑6000余件。

這是一個以步兵為主,戰車、步兵相間的主力軍陣,配置有前鋒、主體、后衛和翼衛,步騎相間,車馬兼具,規模龐大,布局嚴密。東端3列步兵俑面向東方,每列68尊,是軍陣的前鋒;后面接著戰車與步兵相間的38路縱隊構成軍陣主體;俑坑南北兩側和西端各有1列分別面南、面北和面西的橫隊,那就是軍陣的翼衛和后衛了。

這里的陶俑按兵種可分步兵俑、弩兵俑、車兵俑和騎兵俑4種。步兵源排列成縱隊或橫隊,各作不同的手持兵器姿勢;弩兵俑作張弓待發姿勢并背負箭;車兵俑手持兵器跟隨在戰車后面;騎兵俑站立在馬旁,一手牽馬,一手緊握兵器。嚴格的軍階等級制度是構成軍隊戰斗力的重要保證,從陶俑的不同穿著、裝束和兵器配備上可以清楚看得出來。級別最低的士兵俑束發挽髯,只穿短褐,胸無錫甲,腿扎行股(裹腿),足登方口齊頭履;級別較高的士兵束發或戴小圓帽,除短褐外還披短甲,足登短靴或方口齊頭履;低級軍吏源頭戴單版長冠,身穿戰袍外罩黑色長甲;高級軍吏俑頭戴雙版長冠,戰袍外罩彩色花邊胸甲或前后擺平齊的魚鱗甲;與眾不同的將軍俑頭戴雙卷尾長冠,冠帶在頸下挽結并下垂胸前。這種冠也叫“鶴冠”,冠上兩邊本來堅插黑色的雞尾,據說鶴是一種性情勇猛善斗的鳥,“其斗到死乃止”。將軍身穿兩重戰袍,袍外罩有形制奇特的鋁甲,鋁甲前胸呈三角形由魚鱗甲片組成,雙肩及前后胸有用彩帶扎的花結。位于步兵俑群間的將軍涌被一群軍吏俑簇擁,面部威嚴,絡腮胡須,雙、足分開,右手緊握左臂手腕,雙手交置腹前,似作拄劍姿勢。另一尊原先站在戰軍上的將軍俑額下長須,神態莊重,左手按劍。軍階等級也從所持兵器不同看得出來,將軍涌和高級軍吏僅有佩劍,用作指揮與自衛;低級軍吏和士兵俑則各持進攻性兵器長矛、戈等。

位于一號坑北側約20米處的二號坑是在1976年考古勘查中發現的,平面呈曲尺形,東西最長處96米,南北最寬處84米,深約5米,面積約6000平方米。

二號坑由四個單元組成。第一單元即東邊突出部分由持弓弩的跪式和立式弩兵源組成方陣;第二單元即俑坑南半部由駟馬戰車組成車兵方陣;第三單元即俑坑中部車徒結合,由車、步、騎兵俑混合編制成長方陣;第四單元即涌坑北半部由眾多騎兵組成長方陣。四個方陣有機地組合為曲尺形陣,進可以攻,退可以守,嚴整有序,無懈可擊,陣式變換靈活,首尾相互策應,既是試探性進攻的觸角,又是突擊性進攻的前鋒。它是中國考古史上的唯一發現,為認識秦代軍事編制和作戰方法提供了難得的直觀模型。據局部試掘所知的'密度估算,二號坑埋藏兵馬俑數量約2000件,并會有大量青銅兵器。與一、三號坑相比,二號坑是秦俑坑中的精華,其組陣之復雜,兵種之齊全,姿式之多樣及保存之完整都超過一、三號坑,其中鞍馬騎兵俑、跪姿弩兵俑是二號坑獨有的,各式戰車之齊全也是二號坑的特色。這里的戰車可分為指揮車、副車、駟乘車和一般戰車四種。指揮車裝飾華麗,通體擦黑漆,繪有精美的幾何形圖案,車頂有圓形華蓋,車內位立將軍俑、御手涌和戎右俑(警衛員),指揮工具是懸掛在車內的鐘和鼓,擊鼓時進攻,敲鐘時退卻。副車也有華蓋和鐘鼓,車上只有御手俑和戎右俑,留下將軍俑的空位,作戰時,副車緊跟指揮車,以備指揮車一旦發生不測及時遞補與救護。駟乘車上也有華蓋,但沒有鐘樓,車上有四名陶俑,一為御手俑,一為軍吏俑,其余兩名為武士俑,專家認為,這種駟乘車供作前驅,行軍時在前引導,作戰時在前挑戰,向敵方投遞戰書,然后兩軍正式交鋒。一般戰車上有一名御手俑和兩名武士俑,位于御手兩側的武士手持矛、戈等長兵器,車上還備有弓箭。

二號坑陳列大廳建成于1994年,建筑氣魄宏偉,莊嚴凝重,具有秦代風格,擁有展室及錄像廳、貴賓接待室、監控室、茶座、休息廳、文物庫等配套設施,是目前國內建筑面積最大、最現代化、功能最齊全完善的遺址保護陳列大廳。

三號坑與二號坑同在1976年考古勘探時發現,1987年建成保護陳列大廳。它位于一號坑西端北側,與一號坑相距25米,東距二號坑約120米,三個俑坑呈“品”字狀排列。

在三個俑坑中,三號坑是唯一全部發掘清理完成的一座,也是規模最小的一座。平面結構“凹”字狀,深5.2~5.4米,面積524平方米。從三號坑中發掘出1輛戰車,4匹陶馬,68尊武士俑和34件青銅兵器。除了與戰車配套的4尊車兵俑外,其余64尊武士俑沿夾道以非戰斗隊形環狀排列,手持的也不是弓弩、矛、戈之類實戰兵器,而是更多體現儀仗威嚴的殳(音“書”)。專家們判定這里是統帥三軍的“軍幕”,也就是整支行衛軍的指揮系統。古代軍隊雖有多種編列,但最基本的是左、中、右三軍。一號坑是左軍,二號坑是右軍,三號坑是指揮部,那么,還有一支中軍在什么地方呢?那就是只挖出土擴,沒來得及鋪磚棚木,更沒來得及放入兵馬俑的四號坑。據勘查,四號坑面積4000多平方米。人們雖一般很少提及,但它并非可有可無,因為這四個坑統一組成了一個完整的軍事編列體系。三缺一,留下了一個歷史缺憾。史籍記載:“驪山之作未成,而周章百萬之師至其下矣。”

1978年,秦始皇陵考古隊在秦始皇陵冢西側20米的地下7.8米深處發現一組車馬殉葬坑.這兩具銅車馬就是從中發掘出來的。

銅車馬原先安放在木棺內,因年代久遠,木棺朽爛,填土下沉,被壓碎成千余塊。為便于修復,考古人員把銅車馬上部積土作初步清理后,以鋼板插入地下,把銅車馬從坑內整體吊出裝箱,運回室內清理拼接修復,經過8年努力,終于使它們重新煥發出當年瑰麗華貴的姿容。

從藝術鑒賞角度看,銅車馬的造型無可挑剔。矯健肥碩的馬身佩光彩閃爍的金銀飾件,雙眼緊盯前方,鼻孔微微部張,馬齒緊嚼滴銜,鬃花迎風飛揚,削竹般的馬耳斜聳,仿佛正聆聽號令,只待長策一揮,便放開四蹄疾馳。一號銅車馬的御官站立車頭,兩腿并立,身體稍稍前傾,雙手攬住轡繩,目視車前,聚精會神。二號銅車馬的御官坐在車首。頭戴切云冠,腰懸青鋒劍,身著長孺,圓領外翻,緊握轡繩,高舉長策,豐滿圓潤的臉龐上透出既志滿意得又恭謹認真的神情。和秦俑一樣,銅車馬采用嚴格的寫實手法,車、馬、人的造型處處講究比例勻稱,形態逼真。馬的每塊肌腱都符合生理解剖結構,甚至馬口腔上顎的皺紋和牙齒都鑄造了出來,連馬大腿兩側兩個附蟬黑斑及-括約肌都沒有忽略。御官的臉部、睫毛、頭發以至手紋指甲達到惟妙惟肖的地步。與造型藝術嚴格寫實形成鮮明對照的是銅車彩繪采用的高度浪漫手法,車蓋和車廂上部的彩繪龍虎紋,團團簇簇,似云騰霧卷,如金蛇狂舞,縱情揮灑,奔放浪漫;而一到底邊,畫筆一轉,風格陡變,絲絲縷縷,若即若離,筆意婉轉,奇麗飄逸;再配以鑄出的幾何形紋飾,使得雕塑造型的精美與彩繪圖案的絢麗共熔一爐,相得益彰。

陜西省英文導游考試內容(西安英文導覽軟件)

1:life is a journey to experience to learn and to enjoy.生活是不斷經歷、學習和享受的旅程。

2:life is just a field of improvisation, until every journey, be my stage.人生本來就是一場即興演出,直到每段旅程,變成我的舞臺。

3:don't judge someone's past, when you haven't walked their journey!如果你沒有經歷過別人所經歷的事情,就不要去評判一個人的過去!

4:happiness is a journey, not a destination.幸福是一場旅程,不是終點。

5:in the life long journey with many detours, path, dangerous road, dark road, only the strong-willed and never stop the people, will have hopes of reaching the victory away.在人生征途中有許多彎路、小路、險路、暗路,只有意志堅定且永不停步的人,才有希望到達勝利的遠方旅行的英文句子 15句旅行的英文句子 15句。

6: Birthdays may be called the milestones in life’s journey.誕辰日,可謂一生之里程碑也。

7:life is a short journey from birth to death.從生到死,生命是個簡短的旅程旅行的英文句子 15句文章旅行的英文句子 15句出自,轉載請保留此鏈接!。

8:life is a journey that is meant to be experienced in full.生活是一次旅行,人們應該完整地體驗它。

9:Our beloved teacher, you are the spring shower that moistens our hearts. The love and care you have given us will encourage us to go through a long and arduous journey.親愛的老師,您就象那春天的細雨,滋潤著我們的心田。您給予我們的愛和關懷將鼓舞著我們走過艱難困苦。

10:without music, life is a journey through a desert.沒有音樂,生命就如荒漠之旅旅行的英文句子 15句好詞好句。

11:英文:success is the continuous journey towards the achievement of predetermined worth while goals.to live your life in your own way.to reach the goals, you’ve set for yourself. to be the person, you want to be——that is success.

12:英文:a thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step.

13:life is not a race,but a journey to be savored each step of the way.人生不是一場徑賽,而是品味每一過程的旅程。

14:death, old age, are words without a meaning, that pass by us like the idle air which we regard not. others may have undergone, or may still be liable to them--we"bear a charmed life", which laughs to scorn all such sickly fancies. as in setting out on delightful journey, we strain our eager gaze forward.

15:a thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step.千里之行,始于足下。

寫關于介紹游北京八達嶺長城的一篇英語作文廈門導游群

在北京,我們還去了八達嶺長城,那里非常壯觀,有許許多多的中外朋友都從遙遠的家鄉特地趕來登長城,有句話說得好“不到長城非好漢”。如今,我也算是一條好漢了。

萬里長城是我國非常著名的名勝古跡之一,非常壯觀,長城就像一條巨龍橫臥在山中,長城真像是一條綿延萬里的長龍,搖搖欲墜。像一條飛龍在山間、峽谷之間穿梭,一眼望去,都看不到盡頭。清朝著名詩人沈用濟寫了一首關于八嶺的詩:登八達嶺

沈用濟[清]策馬出居庸,盤回上碧峰。坐窺京邑盡,行繞塞環重。夕照沉千帳,寒聲折萬松。回瞻陵寢地,云氣總成龍。

這首詩寫得很好,還有許多有關描寫萬里長城的詩詞,我推薦大家有時間去讀一讀。萬里長城是在我國北方遼闊土地上,東西橫亙著一道綿綿起伏、氣勢雄偉,長達一萬多里的長墻,這真是人間的美景啊!

“不到長城非好漢”已經成了旅游者的一句名言。今天,我們來到了位于北京北部延慶縣境內的八達嶺長城游玩,想登上長城,親眼看一看這一雄偉的歷史豐碑,實現我的“好漢夢”。這一帶山巒起伏,多險峰峻嶺,離北京市區70多公里。

我本來是想爬上長城的,但不巧的是下起大雨來了,我們只好坐滑車上山了。乘上滑車,就依著長城腳慢吞吞地向上行駛,仿佛是一條穿梭在森林中的巨蜥,掠過一個個路障向前行進。

走下滑車,我們已經站在長城的峰火臺口,由于游覽人太多,我拼命地往上擠。我擠出洞口向四周眺望,長城像一條巨龍橫臥在連綿起伏的群山上,真是雄偉啊!據介紹城墻的基部全部用花崗巖條石筑成,城墻高8.5米(平均高度為7.8米),下寬為6.5米,上寬是5.7米,可以五馬并行。城上兩旁有矮墻,名叫宇墻,外側的墻又叫堞墻,高1.7米,上面有垛口,是巡邏放哨了望用的。垛口下面為射擊孔,是射箭用的。內側宇墻,高1米。在城墻內則,每隔一段距離有券門,門內有石階可以登城。城上每隔300-500米,就有一處城臺。聽導游介紹,烽火臺上如發現敵情,白天燃煙,夜間舉火,遠處的墩臺發現煙火,也立即點燃煙火,逐個相傳,能較快地傳到指揮機關。這是古代通訊聯絡方式之一。

有人曾經對長城作過粗略計算,如果把長城的磚石用來修筑一條一米寬,五米高的墻,那么可環繞地球一周。中國的萬里長城不愧是當今世界上最長的防御城墻。

萬里長城是公元前7世紀開始修建的。它東起渤海灣的山海關,經河北、北京、山西、陜西、內蒙古、寧夏到甘肅的嘉峪關,穿過崇山峻嶺,山澗峽谷,綿延起伏,長約12000多華里,因而名為萬里長城。我們無不為先民的偉大氣魄和堅毅精神所感動。

In Beijing, we also went to the Badaling Great Wall, wherevery spectacular, there are many foreign friends fromfaraway hometown specially to climb the Great Wall, there is a saying,"less than the Great Wall of non hero". Today,I was a hero.

The Great Wall is one of the most famous places of historic interest and scenic beauty, our very spectacular, the Great Wall is like a dragon lying in the mountains, the Great Wall is really like a stretch for miles around, shake and crumble.Like a dragon in the mountains, valleys in between the shuttle, looking at a glance, no end in sight. The Qing Dynasty poet famous for Shen Ji wrote a song about theeight Ling's poem: Deng Badaling

Shen Ji [] rode out with clear pass, disc to bifeng. Sit intocapital, line around the ring weight. Sunset sink thousands of accounts, the cold voice break wansong. Reviews themausoleum, clouds of general Jackie Chan.

This poem is very good, there are many descriptions of the Great Wall poetry, I recommend you to have time to read.The Great Wall is in China's vast land, something which with a continuous ups and downs, magnificent momentum,as long as more than ten thousand li long wall, which is really the beauty of earth!

"Less than the Great Wall of non hero" has become afamous tourist. Today, we arrived at the north of Beijing province Yanqing county the Badaling Great Wall play,wanted to climb the Great Wall, and have a look at this magnificent historical monument, the realization of mydream"hero". This area is undulating hills, many steepmountains, 70 kilometers away from the city of

二、英文介紹旅游景點視頻教程 英語導游景點講解視頻

China's Great Wall is the greatest building project in human history of civilization.

中國的長城是人類文明史中最偉大的建筑工程。

It was built in Spring and Autumn period,Warring states times, two thousand years _go.

長城建造于兩千年前的春秋戰國時代。

After the Qin state unified China. The chinese people connected the Great wall of various states.

秦國統一中國后,中國人把各個戰國的長城連接起來。

Two generations of wise people have constructed The Great Wall intensively. _ast its project. It looks like rainbow rolling forward. It was possible to be called _orld miracle.

聰明的兩代人曾經密集地建造長城,擴展了它的工程.它看起來象彩虹,滾滾向前.它有可能被稱作世界奇跡。

It is the must for chinese people. When you repair Great Wall's _uins in offical _ays.

You will not only could witness Great Wall's apparance that meandered in the hills and high moutains, but could also understand the chinese nation creation history, _reat wisdom and courage of chinese people. In December 1987, Great Wall was included in‘’World heritage Name list‘’.

它是中國必須付出的代價,當你在正式的場合下,在廢墟中修建長城,你不僅會見證它在高山和峻嶺中婉延曲折的情景,也會了解中華民族的創造歷史以及中國人的勇氣和智慧,在1987年12月,長城被歸錄在‘’世界遺產名錄"中。

馬上就要到暑假了,不知道同學們接下來有沒有和家長一起出行旅游的計劃。下面我用英文為大家介紹推薦幾個國內旅游的熱門景點,歡迎大家閱讀收藏。

China's Great Wall is in the human history of civilization the greatest architectural engineering, it builds more than 2000 year ago Spring and Autumn Period Warring States times, after the Qin dynasty unifies China, connects the Great Wall. The Chinese, the bright two generations once massively constructed. Vast its project, grandness imposing manner, being possible be called world miracle. Roll on, the thing is the human must, now you when mounted in former days Great Wall's ruins, not only could witness that meandered in the hills high mountains Great Wall grand appearance, but could also understand the Chinese nation creation history great wisdom and courage. the 1987 year in December Great Wall is included"World heritage Name list".

Summer Palace is one of the biggest and beautiful royal garden. It is also one of the royal heritage which is kept well. It was established in1764,and has290 hectare. During Summer, the Emperor will go there for relax, to avoid the high temperature in the Forbidden City. In the Summer Palace,it has a Kunming lake and Longevity Hill. We can veiling a boat in the Kunming Lake, or climb the Longevity Hill to visit the Chinese temple which on the mountain. It is a nice place for us to visit and tdce rest.

The Kunlun Mountain Pass is a very important onealong the Qinghai-Tibet highway at the altitude of 4 757 meters.In this area, there are many snow peaks and mountains.In June,the Spring brings green to trees,grass andflowers blossom everywhere in Golumd but at theKunlun Mountain Pass,it is snowing heavily so that it has become the unique natural scenery of Golumd.During July to August, The Kunlun Mountain Pass becomes a green and blossom place for tourists.

Xishuangbanna is the southernmost prefecture of Yunnan Province. The prefecture is nicknamed"Aerial Garden" for its luxuriant and multi-layered primitive woods and tropical rain forests, which are teeming with animals and plants.

Renowned as a huge natural zoo, Xishuangbanna's rain forest and monsoon jungles provide a habitat for nearly 1000 species of animals. Within thick and boundless forests wild elephants and wild oxen ramble about, with peacocks in their pride, gibbons at play, and hornbills whispering.

Thirteen species of wild life enjoy state protection, including loris, the gibbons, the red-necked cranes, the brown-neck horn-bills, and the green peacocks, which to the Dai people are a symbol of peace, happiness and good fortune and whose graceful postures can put professional dancers to shame. The region has 5,000 kinds of plants or about one-sixth of the total in China. This has earned it the renown and sobriquet"The moonstone on the Crown of the Kingdom of Plants".

Among these are such fascinating ones as the"color-changing flower" whose colors change three times daily and the"dancing herb" whose leaves rotate gently. Then there is"mysterious fruit" which reverse tastes, turning sour to sweet.

Species of trees that go back a million years are still propagating themselves. The"King of Tea Trees,"which authorities say is at least 800 years old, continues to sprout, adding extraordinary splendor to the homeland of the famous Pu'er tea. In Xishuangbanna, there is a saying:"Even a single tree can make a forest and an old stalk can blossom and beat fruit."

Originally built in 652 during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty(618-907), it functioned to collect Buddhist materials that were taken from India by the hierarch Xuanzang.

Xuanzang started off from Chang'an(the ancient Xian), along the Silk Road and through deserts, finally arriving in India, the cradle of Buddhism. Enduring 17 years and traversing 100 countries, he obtained Buddha figures, 657 kinds of sutras, and several Buddha relics. Having gotten the permission of Emperor Gaozong(628-683), Xuanzang, as the first abbot of Da Ci'en Temple, supervised the building of a pagoda inside it. With the support of royalty, he asked 50 hierarchs into the temple to translate Sanskrit in sutras into Chinese, totaling 1,335 volumes, which heralded a new era in the history of translation. Based on the journey to India, he also wrote a book entitled'Pilgrimage to the West' in the Tang Dynasty, to which scholars attached great importance.

First built to a height of 60 meters(197 feet) with five stories, it is now 64.5 meters(211.6 feet) high with an additional two stories. It was said that after that addition came the saying-'Saving a life exceeds building a seven-storied pagoda'. Externally it looks like a square cone, simple but grand and it is a masterpiece of Buddhist construction. Built of brick, its structure is very firm. Inside the pagoda, stairs twist up so that visitors can climb and overlook the panorama of Xian City from the arch-shaped doors on four sides of each storey. On the walls are engraved fine statues of Buddha by the renowned artist Yan Liben of the Tang Dynasty. Steles by noted calligraphers also grace the pagoda.

As for the reason why it is called Big Wild Goose Pagoda, there is a legend. According to ancient stories of Buddhists, there were two branches, for one of which eating meat was not a taboo. One day, they couldn't find meat to buy. Upon seeing a group of big wild geese flying by, a monk said to himself:'Today we have no meat. I hope the merciful Bodhisattva will give us some.' At that very moment, the leading wild goose broke its wings and fell to the ground. All the monks were startled and believed that Bodhisattva showed his spirit to order them to be more pious. They established a pagoda where the wild goose fell and stopped eating meat. Hence it got the name'Big Wild Goose Pagoda'.

The Terracotta Army(Chinese:兵馬俑; Pinyin: Bīng Mǎ Yǒng; literally"military servants") or Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses is a collection of 8,099 life-size terra cotta figures of warriors and horses located in the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor(秦始皇陵; Qín Shǐ Huáng Líng). The figures were discovered in 1974 near Xi'an, Shaanxi province,

The terracotta figures were buried with the first Emperor of Qin(Qin Shi Huang) in 210-209 BC. Consequently, they are also sometimes referred to as"Qin's Army."廈門包車群

The Terracotta Army of China was discovered in March 1974 by local farmers drilling a well to the east of Mount Li. Mount Li is the name of the man-made necropolis and tomb of the First Emperor of Qin; Qin Shi Huang. Construction of this mausoleum began in 246 B.C. and is believed to have taken 700,000 workers and craftsmen 36 years to complete. Qin Shi Huang was interred inside the tomb complex upon his death in 210 B.C. According to the Grand Historian Sima Qian, The First Emperor was buried alongside great amounts of treasure and objects of craftsmanship, as well as a scale replica of the universe complete with gemmed ceilings representing the cosmos, and flowing mercury. representing the great earthly bodies of water. Recent scientific work at the site has shown high levels of mercury in the soil of Mount Li, tentatively indicating an accurate description of the site’s contents by Sima Qian.

The tomb of Qin Shi Huang is near an earthen pyramid 76 meters tall and nearly 350 meters square. The tomb presently remains unopened. There are plans to seal-off the area around the tomb with a special tent-type structure to prevent corrosion from exposure to outside air. However, there is at present only one company in the world that makes these tents, and their largest model will not cover the site as needed.

Qin Shi Huang’s necropolis complex was constructed to serve as an imperial compound or palace. It is comprised of several offices, halls and other structures and is surrounded by a wall with gateway entrances. The remains of the craftsmen working in the tomb may also be found within its confines, as it is believed they were sealed inside alive to keep them from divulging any secrets about its riches or entrance. It was only fitting, therefore, to have this compound protected by the massive terra cotta army interred nearby.

三、西安秦始皇兵馬俑的簡介。

兵馬俑,即秦始皇兵馬俑,亦簡稱秦兵馬俑或秦俑,第一批全國重點文物保護單位,第一批中國世界遺產,位于今陜西省西安市臨潼區秦始皇陵以東1.5千米處的兵馬俑坑內。

兵馬俑是古代墓葬雕塑的一個類別。古代實行人殉,奴隸是奴隸主生前的附屬品,奴隸主死后奴隸要作為殉葬品為奴隸主陪葬。兵馬俑即制成兵馬(戰車、戰馬、士兵)形狀的殉葬品。

1961年3月4日,秦始皇陵被國務院公布為第一批全國重點文物保護單位。1974年3月,兵馬俑被發現;1987年,秦始皇陵及兵馬俑坑被聯合國教科文組織批準列入《世界遺產名錄》。

并被譽為“世界第八大奇跡”,先后有200多位外國元首和政府首腦參觀訪問,成為中國古代輝煌文明的一張金字名片,被譽為世界十大古墓稀世珍寶之一。

人殉是伴隨原始公有制的瓦解而萌芽,至奴隸制建立而盛行的一項殘酷而野蠻的喪葬制度[9]。人殉最興盛的時代是殷商時期,商代貴族大墓中都有殉人。在安陽殷墟工陵區內,已發掘的十幾座大墓中被生殉、殺殉的多達五千余人。

周王朝吸取了殷商暴政的教訓,強調“明德保民”。周禮的誕生和推行,使得人殉現象得到很大程度的抑制,但并未根絕。到了春秋時期,列國爭霸,時代動蕩,人殉復燃。戰國時期,諸侯各國先后廢止了人殉制度。秦獻公元年(前384年),“止從死”,秦國正式廢止人殉制度。

春秋戰國之際的社會變革促使葬俗發生了變化,出現以俑殉葬,即用陶俑、木俑等來代替人殉。“俑”的本意就是人殉,當人殉逐漸淡出人們的視野之后,“俑”便成了墓葬中陶塑、石雕、人像的專有名詞。

秦兵馬俑就是以俑代人殉葬的典型,也是以俑代人殉葬的頂峰。秦俑之所以在規模、寫實程度上達到如此的高度,除了工匠的智慧之外,還與歷史上第一個封建皇帝秦始皇的意志分不開。

參考資料來源:百度百科--兵馬俑

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作者:西安旅游A本文地址:http://www.lcsj68.cn/xian/post/2843.html發布于 2024-03-18
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