摘要：
本文目錄西安鐘鼓樓城墻英文導(dǎo)游詞求秦陵兵馬俑景點(diǎn)中英文對照介紹大唐不夜城英文介紹帶翻譯一、西安鐘鼓樓城墻英文導(dǎo)游詞導(dǎo)游詞，是導(dǎo)游人員引導(dǎo)游客觀光游覽時的講解詞，是導(dǎo)游員同游客交流思... 本文目錄
一、西安鐘鼓樓城墻英文導(dǎo)游詞
導(dǎo)游詞，是導(dǎo)游人員引導(dǎo)游客觀光游覽時的講解詞，是導(dǎo)游員同游客交流思想，向游客傳播文化知識的工具，也是應(yīng)用寫作研究的`文體之一。特點(diǎn)是口語化，還具有知識性、文學(xué)性、禮節(jié)性等特點(diǎn)。以下是小篇為大家整理的西安鐘鼓樓城墻英文導(dǎo)游詞。
The Bell Tower Drum Tower and the City Well in Xi’an
Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen:
Today we will have three places to visit—the Bell Tower the Drum Tower and the City Well. First we come to the Bell Tower.
The Bell Tower, a classical building with carved beams and painted rafters, has been served as the symbol of Xi’an. It stands in the center of the downtown area where the north street, the south street, the west street and the east street meet. And the tower house a huge bell which in ancient times was use to strike the time every morning. This is how the tower got its name. now it is an important historical monument in shaanxi Province.
The Bell tower was first built in Ying Xiang temple in 1384 during the Ming dynasty. It was moved to its present site in 1582 as a result of the city‘s expansion program.
Ladies and gentlemen, There is a story about the Bell Tower. It’s said that the first emperor of Ming dynasty, Zhu yuanzhang, he was born in a poor family. Both his parent died when he was young, and he had to live a hard life. Later, he went to a temple to become a monk. When he ascended the throne, he was afraid of being deposed by someone of“real dragon”. Therefore, he gave orders to build bell tower all over the county to repress the“dragon spirits”. Xi’an has been the imperial capital city since ancient times. So the“dragon spirits” must be very strong here. That’s why the bell tower in Xi’an was not only built earlier, but also bigger than the other ones in the country. The base of the tower is 1,337.4 square meters in size, 8.6 meters high and 35.5 meters wide. It was laid with blue bricks all over. The whole building is 36 meters above ground. It is a brick-and–wood structure. The eaves are supported by colored“dou gong” a traditional structural system in which brackets are used to join columns and crossbeams, the use of dou gong made the whole building firm and beautiful.
Well, next we will visit the Drum Tower nearly.
The Drum Tower stands 500 meters to the northwest of the Bell Tower. It was built in 1380. There used to be a huge drum in the tower, which told the time at dark, and that is how the tower got its present name. Besides marking the time, the drum was also used to give warnings to people in times of war. The base of The Drum Tower is 1,924 square meters in size, and 34 meters in height. It was built with blue bricks. The Drum Tower has a rectangular shape and shows tier and the outside eaves are decorated with networks of wood arches.
At last, we will visit the famous city wall of Xi’an. The most complete and the best preserved city wall in china.
The city wall of Xi’an is an extension of the prior Tang dynasty structure. It was stared in 1370 and finished in 1378 and has a rectangular–shaped construction. It is over 4 kilometers from the east to west and about 3 kilometers from the north to south. And the total length is 13.7 kilometers. It stands 12 meters high, 12-14 meters wide across the top and 15-18 meters thick at the button. On the top of the city wall, there is a rampart every 120 meters, which extends out from the main wall. The top of the rampart is at the same level as the top of the wall. The ramparts were built to allow soldiers to see those enemies who would try to climb up the wall. The distance between every two ramparts is just within the range of arrow shot from either side. This allowed soldiers to protect the entire wall without exposing themselves to the enemy. There are altogether 98 of them on the city wall and each has a sentry building on top of it.
There are four main gates of the city wall-one on each side-named the east gate, the west gate, south gate and north gate. The four gates of the city wall were the only way to go into and out of town. In Xi’an, each of the four gates consists of three gate towers廈門到平潭包車. The main gate tower is called ZhengLou which is located on top of the main part of the city wall廈門欣鷺導(dǎo)游. It is the inner one and is also the main entrance to the city. Zha lou is the gate tower which a suspension bridge and located outside of the city wall. It’s used to lift and lower the suspension bridge. Jian lou is the arrow tower and located in between the Zhenglou and Zhaloutowers. There are square windows in the front and on the two sides to shoot arrows. Jianlou and Zhenglou are connected by walls and the encircled area is called Wongcheng in which soldiers could be stationed. From Wongcheng, there are also horse passages leading to the top of the wall. There are altogether eleven horse passages around the city.
A watch tower is located on each of the four corners of the wall. The one at the southwestern corner is round, probably after the model of the imperial city wall of the Tang dynasty. But the other three are square and are higher and larger than the sentry building on the ramparts. This shows the strategic importance of the corners of the city wall.
All right, we have finished visiting the famous city wall of Xi’an. Thank you.
二、求秦陵兵馬俑景點(diǎn)中英文對照介紹廈門包車到福州
Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses Museum.
Emperor Qin Shihuang(259-210B.C.) had Ying as his surname and Zheng as his given name. He name to the throne of the Qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22. By 221 B.C., he had annexed the six rival principalities of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and established the first feudal empire in China’s history.
In the year 221 B.C., when he unified the whole country, Ying Zheng styled himself emperor. He named himself Shihuang Di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, the third even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper order to carry on the hereditary system. Since then, the supreme feudal rulers of China’s dynasties had continued to call themselves Huang Di, the emperor.
After he had annexed the other six states, Emperor Qin Shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and county system. He standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, weights and measures. To protect against harassment by the Hun aristocrats. Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the Great Wall be built. All these measures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unification of the whole country as well as promotion the development of economy and culture. They had a great and deep influence upon China’s 2,000 year old feudal society.
Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned except those of the Qin dynasty’s history and culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field. As a result, China’s ancient classics had been devastated and destroy. Moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive. Those events were later called in history“the burning of books and the burying of Confucian scholars.”
Emperor Qin Shihuang，for his own pleasure, conscribed several hundred thousand convicts and went in for large-scale construction and had over seven hundred palaces built in the Guanzhong Plain. These palaces stretched several hundred li and he sought pleasure from one palace to the other. Often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive.
Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum has not yet been excavated. What looks like inside could noly be known when it is opened. However, the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum was.
No.1 Pit was stumbled upon in March 1974 when villagers of Xiyang Village of Yanzhai township, Lintong County, sank a well 1.5km east of the mausoleum. In 1976, No.2 and 3 Pits were found 20m north of No.1 Pit respectively after the drilling survey. The terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the Qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mausoleum. This discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad. In 1975, a museum, housing the site of No.1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permission of the State Council. The museum was formally opened to public on Oct.1, the National Day, 1979.
No.1 Pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide from north to south and 5m deep, covering a total area of 14,260 square meters. It is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel. There are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively. The pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls, and the floors are paved with bricks. Thick rafters were placed onto the walls(but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth. The battle formation of the Qin dynasty, facing east. In the east end are arrayed three lines of terra-cotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces. They are supposed to be the van of the formation. Immediately behind them are 38 columns of infantrymen alternating with war chariots in the corridors, each being 180m long. They are probably the main body of the formation. There is one line of warriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards. They are probably the flanks and the rear. There are altogether 27 trial trench, it is assumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from No.1 Pit.
No.2 Pit sis about half the size of No.1 Pit, covering about 6,000 square meters Trail diggings show this is a composite formation of infantry, cavalry and chariot soldiers, from which roughly over 1,000 clay warriors, and 500 chariots and saddled horses could be unearthed. The 2,000-year-old wooden chariots are already rotten. But their shafts, cross yokes, and wheels, etc. left clear impressions on the earth bed. The copper parts of the chariots still remain. Each chariot is pulled by four horses which are one and half meters high and two metres long. According to textual research, these clay horses were sculptures after the breed in the area of Hexi Corridor. The horses for the cavalrymen were already saddled, but with no stirups.
No.3 Pit covers an area of 520m2 with only four horses, one chariot and 68 warriors, supposed to be the command post of the battle formation. Now, No.2 and 3 Pits have been refilled, but visitors can see some clay figures and weapons displayed in the exhibition halls in the museum that had been unearthed from these two pits. The floors of both No.1 and 2 Pits were covered with a layer of silt of 15 to 20cm thick. In these pits, one can see traces of burnt beams everywhere, some relics which were mostly broken. Analysis shows that the pits were burned down by Xiang Yu, leader of a peasant army. All of the clay warriors in the three pits held real weapons in their hands and face east, showing Emperor Qin Shihuang’s strong determination of wiping out the six states and unifying the whole country.
The height of the terra-cotta warriors varies from 1.78m, the shortest, to 1.97m, the tallest. They look healthy and strong and have different facial expressions. Probably they were sculpted by craftsmen according to real soldiers of the Qin dynasy. They organically combined the skills of round engraving, bas-relief and linear engraving, and utilized the six traditional folk crafts of sculpturing, such as hand-moulding, sticking, cutting, painting and so on. The clay models were then put in kilns, baked and colour-painted. As the terra-cotta figures have beeb burnt and have gone through the natural process of decay, we can’t see their original gorgeous colours. However, most of the terra-cotta figures bear the trace of the original colours, and few of them are still as bright as new. They are found to be painted by mineral dyestuffs of vermilion, bright red, pink dark green, powder green, purple, blue, orange, black and white colours.
Thousands of real weapons were unearthed from these terra-cotta army pits, including broad knives, swords, spears, dagger-axes, halberds, bows, crossbows and arrowheads. These weapons were exquisitely made. Some of theme are still very sharp, analyses show that they are made of alloys of copper and tin, containing more than ten kinds of other metals. Since their surfaces were treated with chromium, they are as bright as new, though buried underground for more than 2,000 years. This indicates that Qin dynasty’s metallurgical technology and weapon-manufacturing technique already reached quite a high level.
In December 1980, two teams of large painted bronze chariots and horses were unearthed 20 metres west of the mound of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum. These single shaft four-horse chariots each comprises 3,462 spare parts, and has a body with two compartments, one behind the other, and an elliptical umbrella like canopy. The four horses harnessed to the chariot are 65-67 centimeters tall. The restored bronze chariots and horses are exact imitations of true chariot, horse and driver in half life-size.
The chariots and horses are decorated with coloured drawings against white background. They have been fitted with more than 1,500 piecese of gold and silvers and decorations, looking luxurious, splendid and graceful. Probably they were meant for the use of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s soul to go on inspection. The bronze chariots and horses were made by lost wax casting, which shows a high level of technology. For instance, the tortoise-shell-like canopy is about 4mm thick, and the window is only 1mm thick on which are many small holes for ventilation. According to a preliminary study, the technology of manufacturing the bronze chariots and horses has involved casting, welding, reveting, inlaying embedding and chiseling. The excavation of the bronze chariots and horses provides extremely valuable material and data for the textual research of the metallurgical technique, the mechanism of the chariot and technological modeling of the Qin dynasty.
No.2 bronze chariot and horses now on display were found broken into 1,555 pieces when excavated. After two-and-half years’ careful and painstaking restoration by archaeologists and various specialists, they were formally exhibited in the museum on October 1, 1983. No.1 bronze chariot hand horses are on display from 1988.
今天，我們將參觀秦兵馬俑博物館。秦兵馬俑博物館位于酉安市東35公里處，從喜來登酒店坐車到那里大約需要50分鐘時間。自秦兵馬俑博物館于1979年10月1日開館至今，已有為效眾多國家的黨政首腦都參觀過這個博物館，更有數(shù)以百萬計的中外游客不遠(yuǎn)干里來參觀這個人類奇跡。法國總統(tǒng)希拉克曾留言說過：“世界上原有七大奇跡，秦兵馬俑的發(fā)現(xiàn)，可以說是第八大奇跡了。不看金字塔．不算真正到過埃及‘不看秦俑，不算真正到過中國。”美國前副總統(tǒng)蒙代爾也說；“這是真正的奇跡。全世界人民都應(yīng)該到這里看一看。”從這些高度凝練的話語中，我們不難看出秦俑的歷史價值及藝術(shù)價值。下面，我想把秦始皇這位成就一代偉業(yè)的歷史巨人介紹給諸位，以便使大家能對秦始皇兵馬俑和與之相關(guān)的歷史有一個較詳盡的了解。
談秦兵馬俑，必須先介紹一下面贏政。公元前259年，一代偉人贏政誕生了。13歲時，其父死后．他繼承了王位。按照泰國慣例．國王在22歲舉行過“加冕禮”以后，才可以親自執(zhí)政。當(dāng)時．秦國的大權(quán)仍攀握在太后、相國呂不韋、宦官謬癟(160 6i)手中。特別是螺貞．手握大權(quán)，炙手可熱，他見宛改逐漸長大，便陰謀叛亂．奪取政權(quán)。公元前238年，22歲的贏政去故都雍城納新年宮舉行加冕禮。謬酉在從霸年宮回咸陽的路上埋下伏兵，準(zhǔn)備將贏政殺死。當(dāng)贏政察覺此事后，憑優(yōu)勢兵力訂敗鑼盔，將其生擒并車裂致死。贏政親致以后．以呂不韋放縱嫁亮為名，放逐日不韋。呂不韋后來飲毒灑自斃。這樣，贏政順利地消滅了政權(quán)內(nèi)部的兩大敵對勢力，鞏固了自身的地位。為了進(jìn)一步鞏固君主權(quán)力，贏政選用了一批精明強(qiáng)干酌文臣武將，如掌握軍事的尉繚，攀管國歐的李斯。接著，贏政制定了遠(yuǎn)交近攻、離間外敵、各個擊破的戰(zhàn)賂方針，開始統(tǒng)一中國，結(jié)束了春秋戰(zhàn)國以來長達(dá)500多年各諸侯國割據(jù)稱雄的混亂局面。從公元前230年到公元前221年，在不到io年的時間里，泰國滅亡了6國，終于完成了統(tǒng)一大業(yè)，建立了第一個中央集權(quán)的封建國家，為封建社會經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、思想文化的迅速發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。這又一次顯示了贏政的維才大賂。
贏政稱自己為始皇帝．因?yàn)樗Ｍ淖訉O后代能把他所創(chuàng)立的政權(quán)干代萬代傳下去。為此．他整頓了官僚制度。第一．從中央到地方的官吏全由他親自任免；第二，廢除分封制，推行郡縣制。第三．秦始皇還統(tǒng)一了法律、文字、貨幣、度量衡等。這些措施極大地推動了封建社會政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化的發(fā)展。另外，他還征用勞役，廣修馳道，使各地交通便利，以利經(jīng)濟(jì)文化的交流。他將戰(zhàn)國時期秦、趙、燕三國修筑的長城連在一起后．又加以擴(kuò)展，形成了西起甘肅臨挑，東到遼東因石的萬里長城，有效地遏制tjb方游牧部族對案朝的騷擾。廈門集美包車
中國皇帝大都為自己營造巨大而豪華的陵墓。在這一點(diǎn)上，案始皇也不例外。在他13歲剛即位時，就下令為其修建陵墓。這座原高120米．周長2000多米的巨大陵丘、雖經(jīng)風(fēng)雨侵蝕和人為破壞，現(xiàn)在仍有76米之高，g長400多米之大．案始皇把都城威陽微縮于自己的陵園內(nèi)，其布局幾乎完全相同。陵園內(nèi)城西北部為獻(xiàn)殿建筑區(qū)，陵東北部洼地是用以祭記的養(yǎng)魚池，陵園外城西北角是石料加工場．陵西外城之外是一個大墳場。據(jù)史書記載，秦朝全國總?cè)丝诩s2000萬，壯丁不過700萬，而筑陵時，壯丁最多達(dá)70萬，可見工程之浩大。
案始皇的陵寢如同一座龐大的地下宮殿，真可謂是一座地下“福地天堂”。墓室屋頂有天文星宿圖，t是由各種均餡生輝的珠寶構(gòu)成的，下邊有五岳、九州以及由機(jī)械驅(qū)動水銀構(gòu)成的江河湖海。另外，還沒有讓百官朝拜案始皇的大廳。為防止盜威，每座墓門上都安有自動發(fā)射的弓箭。整個陵墓可以說是一個金碧輝煌，固若金湯的地下王官。案始皇把生前所享受的一切也搬到了地下．供他在另一個世界繼續(xù)享用。他連那些為他伴駕b不曾生育的宮女，以及辛勤修建地下陵寢的工匠們都不放過．下令在他人殆時，將這些人統(tǒng)統(tǒng)活埋，為的是不讓宮女外嫁他人，不讓陵寢內(nèi)的秘密泄露。
現(xiàn)在，我們面對的是秦俑館一號坑，坑里就是號稱“世界第八大奇跡”的秦兵馬俑。面對威武整肅的龐大軍陣，你們的腦子里一定會閃現(xiàn)如下問題：這些秦傭是怎么發(fā)現(xiàn)的？為什么他們的相貌各異？為什么要制作這些俑？1、2、3號坑里共有多少俑等等。好，現(xiàn)在我就一一回答大家的這些問題。
這些俑是1974年3月西楊村農(nóng)民們在打井的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的。據(jù)村里的老人講．早在明朝，就有人在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)了秦俑。有一天，住在村里的難民在村外空地上訂了一口井，井水清澈，甚是喜人，可是第二天他們卻發(fā)現(xiàn)井底的水不見了。他們中膽大的腰系繩子，下去查看。不一會兒．井里傳來驚叫聲，上面的人暖緊把井里的人拉上來。這人說，他看見一個站立著的、身穿盔甲的怪物．伸手要抓他。聽者都非常害怕，想趕快用土回填那口井。但他們最終決定報告文物部門。
經(jīng)過考古專家們的勘探、鑒定．秦捅館內(nèi)的t、2、3號坑被確認(rèn)為案始皇棱的陪葬坑。從1974年到1979年，經(jīng)過5年的艱苦努力，在1號坑遺址上矗立起一座氣勢宏偉、結(jié)構(gòu)科學(xué)的建筑物。這就是1979年10月對國內(nèi)外游客開放的素兵馬俑1號坑。3號坑在1989年9月27日——世界旅游日對外開放。現(xiàn)在，在2號坑的遺址上，一座大理石建筑又落成了，它于1994年11月開始接待游客。從此，3個俑坑全都被保護(hù)在建筑物里，不再經(jīng)受風(fēng)吹日曬雨淋。在供游人觀看、懷古的同時，考古工作者們還在這里繼續(xù)發(fā)掘整理兵馬俑。
經(jīng)測量，1號坑?xùn)|西長330米，南北寬62米，面積4260平方米。侗坑的最東端是3gf面向東的武士，每排7個，共210個捅。他們是部隊的前鋒。前鋒部隊的后面為部隊的主體，他們被誹成38路縱隊，站在11個坑道里。每個坑道都是青磚鋪地，坑道內(nèi)例的兩邊，每隔2米就有1根立柱。這些立柱支撐著木質(zhì)屋頂，屋頂上是織成“人”字形的紋席．席上是土。整個坑道距地表5米深。另外，在坑道的南、北、西三面?zhèn)溆幸涣忻嫦蛲獾奈涫浚麄兎謩e是部隊的右翼、左翼和后衛(wèi)。現(xiàn)在，1號坑已出土1000多件陶桶。根據(jù)推剿．全部發(fā)掘完后．僅1號坑就將出土6000多個兵馬桶。
這里是1994年11月開放的2號坑。它是由車兵、騎兵和步兵構(gòu)成的曲尺形方陣。估計可出土兵侗1000多件，車馬和鞍馬500多匹。2號坑占地6000平方米。它東面突出部分為一個小方陣，6334個彎兵桶組成。2號坑南部為64乘戰(zhàn)車組成納方陣，每排有8輛戰(zhàn)車，共8誹；中部為19輛戰(zhàn)車和隨車徒手兵涌；北部是戰(zhàn)車和騎兵。北部是由戰(zhàn)車6乘、鞍馬和騎兵各124件組成的騎兵陣。
現(xiàn)在，我們來到了3號坑，它位于2號坑西邊25米處。這個坑是1976年發(fā)現(xiàn)的。它里凹字形，占地520平方米。在3號坑里，考古專家們只發(fā)現(xiàn)1輛戰(zhàn)車和64件武士捅。它們兩兩相對站立，手捏儀衛(wèi)兵器曼(sh6)。大多數(shù)考古專家認(rèn)為，從這個坑里武士的排列方式和手中所握的兵器，以及該坑與秦陵的位置來判斷，3號坑是整個軍陣的指揮部。據(jù)估計，等1、2、3導(dǎo)坑全部開損后，將出土8000多件陶佰。這些佰相貌各異：有的沉穩(wěn)剛毅，有的英勇果敢，有的慈善含笑。可謂楊楊如生，神情各異。因?yàn)椋鼈內(nèi)歉鶕?jù)秦始皇徹林軍中的將士們制作的，因此，在8000“地下御林軍”中，彌絕對找不到兩個相貌、形體相同的捅。他們一個個氣廢不凡，最重的有300多公斤，員輕的也有100多公斤，身高從1．7米到1．9米不等。如果大家仔細(xì)觀瞧，不難分辨出兵桶中履些是陜酉人，娜些是四川人，哪些是甘肅東部人。這從他們的胡須梳理方式和長相即可看出。我們很多人在電影中都見過日本人的“仁丹須”．其實(shí)，案便中就有蓄仁丹胡酌，可見，這并不是日本人的發(fā)明，早在2000多年前，中國就有人留這種胡須了。
那些穿窄袖戰(zhàn)袍外套，披掛齊腰短甲，腳登緊帶獸皮鞋，頭戴防風(fēng)婦的，顯然是機(jī)警的騎兵。那個左腳著地，s膝弓起，右腿脆地，有腳底向后翹起的為跪射佰。
他雙目乎視前方，神情專注。這個涌鞋底的針角，兩頭細(xì)致續(xù)密．中間疏稀．完全符合歷支真實(shí)。在五六十年代的陜西農(nóng)村，很多農(nóng)民仍喜歡穿這種掛、只是鞋尖不向上朗翹而已。幾乎每個捅的衣襟上都刻有工匠的姓名，這符合“物勒工名，以考其誠”的制度。我們今天實(shí)行的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)督管理制度，秦人2000年前就已采用了。
涌坑中約馬屑典型的河西走廊馬。它身高l 5米，長2米，分為頭、頸、軀干和腿四部分。腿為實(shí)心，軀干中空，分段燒制，再組合在一起。馬的兩耳宜立，體型健壯優(yōu)美。由此可看出，秦人不愧為養(yǎng)馬世族。大家也許要問秦始皇為什么要為他制作數(shù)量如此之多的兵馬桶呢?它們是怎樣燒制成的呢?原來，秦始皇曾想用4000童男童女為其殉葬。他降旨令李斯承辦此事。李斯心中懼怕．未敢馬上執(zhí)行此令。因?yàn)椋?造秦腔．建筑長城已惹得民怨沸騰，再讓如此眾多的童男室女殉葬，豈不是火上澆油嗎?他將來恐怕也死無葬身之地。于是，李斯向美始皇建議；制作與其人真馬一樣大小的兵馬桶，守護(hù)其亡靈，以壯聲威。聞聽此官，秦始皇大喜，他重新降旨，讓李斯征集全國的能工巧匠．以他的8060御林軍為原型．q作陶佰。這些桶必須手握實(shí)戰(zhàn)兵器按實(shí)戰(zhàn)隊形排列，秦始皇再三囑咐李斯，此事萬不能叫御林軍知道。因?yàn)榍爻耖g流傳一個說法，如果一個人被別人復(fù)制成柄．其魂也就被勾走了．這可是大忌。案始皇當(dāng)然不愿惹怒他喜愛的曰林軍了。工匠們紛紛去找詢林軍中自己的親戚、朋友、老鄉(xiāng)、熟人，仔細(xì)觀察其容貌特征，并默記于心。回去后，工匠們用模壓、塑捏、刻畫、貼條等手法制成陶佰，然后放在窯里燒。可是，放進(jìn)去的陶佰全都被燒炸了，工匠們百思不解其中原因。后來，一個工匠為發(fā)泄對監(jiān)工的仇恨，把制好的監(jiān)工陶涌的頭去掉，將其四肢“削”去，用手“掏凈”其內(nèi)臟，放到窯里分段燒。這一次竟沒炸窯。他把頭和四肢裝在佰身上，一個活生生的監(jiān)工出現(xiàn)了。，由此，工匠們開始了大規(guī)模的制捅工程。8000御林軍捅就這樣被造了出來。
當(dāng)然，案兵馬桶是借龐大的軍隊，來顯示秦始皇滅六國、建立統(tǒng)一帝目的雄心壯志酌。這些兵涌手執(zhí)短兵器、長兵器和遠(yuǎn)射兵器，如劍、銥、吳鉤、矛t戈、曼、裁、鉸、弓、彎等。這些兵器主要是用銅和錫做成的，經(jīng)分析里邊還含有其它13種稀有金屬。為防止兵器生銹，案人在兵器表面徐有一層鉻鹽氧化物，這種鍍鉻技術(shù)在本世紀(jì)20年代才由檀國人發(fā)明出來，而我國在2000多年前就開始在兵器上鍍鉻，這實(shí)在令人嘆跟。現(xiàn)已出土的彎機(jī)，分小、中、大三種類型。前兩種舀機(jī)，案兵用手拉弓弦就可以，而大型彎機(jī)，榮兵必須借助杠桿．才能將弓弦拉到扳機(jī)上。大型露機(jī)的射程為600多米，可比得上一支老式步槍了。
這是1980年在案陵西邊18米處發(fā)現(xiàn)的兩乘青銅車馬。一號車馬為駟馬高車，二號車馬為騾馬安車。韌發(fā)現(xiàn)時，這兩乘車馬破損嚴(yán)重，尤其是供秦始皇靈魂乘坐的安車，已破碎成1500多片．經(jīng)考古工作者修復(fù)后，現(xiàn)在，它們看上去完好如韌。兩乘車的車、馬、人都是仿照真車、真馬、真人，按比例縮小二分之一制成的，僅安車上金銀飾物就有1720件，重達(dá)7公斤。鋼車馬給人的不僅是藝術(shù)享受，更為重要的是．它們具有重要的歷史價值和科學(xué)價值。銅車馬是我們了解、研究秦朝車制、冶金鑄造技術(shù)、工藝水平等不可多得的實(shí)物資科。雖然．英雄一世，創(chuàng)立無數(shù)偉績的秦始皇——贏政早已去世2000多年了，但是，他的偉績，以及現(xiàn)存的兵馬桶留給人們的思考是什么呢?或者說，我們能從上述事物中吸取些什么呢?我想，敢創(chuàng)歷史先河、為國家統(tǒng)一不懼死亡的鋁賂和勇氣是我們應(yīng)該吸取和仿效的。一代偉人贏政橫掃六國、統(tǒng)一中國的非凡氣度和魄力仍不失為我們今天克服前進(jìn)路上的障礙的巨大動力。一個民族．一個國家想要富強(qiáng)，沒有這種氣魄是不行的!
三、大唐不夜城英文介紹帶翻譯
1、以下是大唐不夜城景區(qū)的英文介紹和翻譯：
2、大唐不夜城（Datang Everbright City）is a large-scale cultural tourism scenic spot located in Xi'an City, China. The theme of the scenic spot is based on the prosperous Tang dynasty, which is a glorious period of China's history.
3、The scenic spot is divided into eight major areas, each with its own unique attractions and landscape style. Tourists can experience the magnificent culture and history of the Tang dynasty through a variety of static and dynamic displays, cultural performances, and historical shows.
4、One of the most popular attractions is the Tang Palace, which showcases the grandeur and luxury of the royal Tang Palace, as well as cultural and artistic displays from the Tang dynasty. The Da Yan Pagoda is another must-see attraction, which is a towering architectural masterpiece that represents the wisdom and power of ancient China.
5、In addition to the cultural attractions, Datang Everbright City also offers a variety of entertainment facilities, including a water park, an amusement park, and a light and sound show.
6、If you want to immerse yourself in the rich and colorful culture of the ancient Tang dynasty, Datang Everbright City is definitely a place worth visiting.
7、大唐不夜城（Datang Everbright City）是位于中國西安市的一個大型文化旅游景區(qū)。景區(qū)的主題基于繁榮的唐朝，這是中國歷史上輝煌的時期。
8、景區(qū)分為八個主要區(qū)域，每個區(qū)域都有自己獨(dú)特的景點(diǎn)和景觀風(fēng)格。游客可以通過各種靜態(tài)和動態(tài)展示、文化演出和歷史秀，體驗(yàn)唐朝壯麗的文化和歷史。
9、最受歡迎的景點(diǎn)之一是唐宮，展示了皇家唐宮的壯麗和豪華，以及唐代文化和藝術(shù)的展示。大雁塔是另一個必看的景點(diǎn)，它是一座高聳的建筑杰作，代表著古代中國的智慧和力量。
10、除了文化景點(diǎn)，大唐不夜城還提供各種娛樂設(shè)施，包括水上樂園、游樂園和燈光音樂秀。
11、如果你想沉浸在古代唐朝豐富多彩的文化中，大唐不夜城絕對是一個值得去的地方。
